Waste to resilience: Grassroot governance and community action in Sulthan Bathery Municipality, Kerala, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64866/j.ijdscr.2025.10014Keywords:
Local Self-Government, Decentralized Waste Management, Participatory Approaches, Waste-to-Resilience, SustainabilityAbstract
Waste exists everywhere, despite different rules and laws. The generation and management of waste is a crucial indicator of resilience in the era of climate change. Every citizen has a duty to take responsibility for the creation and disposal of waste. The main organisation in charge for this is the Local Self- Governments in the grass-root level. In order to provide sustainable waste services, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11 and 12 placed a strong emphasis on the sustainable waste management. The shift from waste to resilience entails not just waste reduction but also seeing refuse as a resource, thereby enabling communities to effectively manage it in the face of diverse problems. In Kerala's Wayanad district, the town of Sultan Bathery is one such example of a community-based waste management strategy incorporating the idea of waste to resilience. It serves as an illustration of how to manage the waste produced by adhering to stringent laws and regulations and turning trash into opportunity. The researcher employed a case study methodology to elucidate the activities, challenges and opportunities associated with trash management in the local context. This study will shed light on the opportunities and problems that Local Self Governments face when it comes to waste management.
Downloads
References
Bell, A. (2023). The consequences of waste dumping: A brief overview. J. Res. Env. Sci. Toxic, 12, 1–3. https://www.interesjournals.org/articles/the-consequences-of-waste-dumping-a-brief-overview.pdf
.Brunner, P.H., & Rechberger, H. (2015). Waste to energy – key element for sustainable waste management. Waste Management, 37, 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2014.02.003
Doron, A., & Jeffrey, R. (2018). Waste of a Nation: Garbage and Growth in India. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
India Today. (2020). Waste disposal and management: All you need to know. India Today, Sept 4, 2020. https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/waste-disposal-and-management-all-you-need-to-know-1718288-2020-09-04
Joseph, S. (2018). Sultan Bathery shows how to keep a town spick and span. https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2018/10/30/sultan-bathery-cleanliness.html [Accessed 25 Nov 2025].
KILA. (2022). The State of Decentralised Solid Waste Management in Kerala: Report 2021. https://www.kila.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Report.pdf
Kopecká, R., Hrad, M., & Huber-Humer, M. (2024). The role of the waste sector in the sustainable development goals and the IPCC assessment reports. Österr Wasser- und Abfallw, 300–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00506-024-01034-7
Kotyal, K. (2023). Sustainable waste management in the circular economy: Challenges and opportunities. Environmental Reports, 5, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.51470/ER.2023.5.2.01
Kumar, B.S. (2024). Empowering communities through development management practices: A case study of Haritha Karma Sena in Kerala. Int. J. Res. Culture Society, 8.
Lenkiewicz, Z. (2024). Global Waste Management Outlook 2024: Beyond an Age of Waste – Turning Rubbish into a Resource. United Nations Environment Programme.
Mediaone. (2019). News. https://www.mediaoneonline.com/kerala/2019/02/23/sulthan-bathery-municipality [Accessed 25 Nov 2025].
Partelow, S., Schlüter, A., Armitage, D., Bavinck, M., Carlisle, K., Gruby, R.L., Hornidge, A.-K., Le Tissier, M., Pittman, J.B., Song, A.M., Sousa, L.P., Văidianu, N., & van Assche, K. (2020). Environmental governance theories: A review and application to coastal systems. Ecology and Society, 25. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12067-250419
Patil, D., De, K., Patil, K.V., & Kulkarni, M.M. (2024). Environmental effects and threats of waste: Understanding ecosystem threats and mitigation strategies. In Arya, R.K., Verros, G.D., Verma, O.P., & Hussain, C. Musthansar (Eds.), From Waste to Wealth (pp. 37–69). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7552-5_3
Pongrácz, E. (2002). Re-defining the Concepts of Waste and Waste Management: Evolving the Theory of Waste Management. Dissertation, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu. http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514268210/
Reno, J. (2015). Waste and waste management. Annual Review of Anthropology, 44, 557–572. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102214-014146
Singh, M. (2023). Efficient strategies for sustainable waste management. J. Env. Waste Mgt Recycling, 6. https://www.alliedacademies.org/journal-environmental-waste-management-recycling/
Singh, R. (2015). Exploring the potential of decentralised solid waste management in New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.5118.6088
Sustainability Directory. (2025a). Decentralized governance. https://prism.sustainability-directory.com/term/decentralized-governance/#fundamentals
Sustainability Directory. (2025b). Waste resilience. https://prism.sustainability-directory.com/term/waste-resilience/#academic
US EPA. (2018). Wastes. https://www.epa.gov/report-environment/wastes
Valentina, T.R., Putera, R.E., & Salsabila, L. (2025). Collaborative governance in handling the waste crisis: A systematic literature review. Int. J. Sust. Dev. Planning, 20, 761–770. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.200225
Yoshioka, N., Era, M., & Sasaki, D. (2021). Towards integration of climate disaster risk and waste management: A case study of urban and rural coastal communities in the Philippines. Sustainability, 13, 1624. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041624
.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Merlin Siby (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
